The BBC domestic television channels do not broadcast advertisements; they are instead funded by a television licence fee which TV viewers are required to pay annually. This includes viewers who watch real-time streams of the BBC's channels online or via their Smart phone. BBC TV international channels are funded by advertisements and subscription. Of course the licence fee makes the expression 'free-to-air' somewhat redundant and has caused speculation between viewers. a lot of people are still reluctant to paying tv licencing claiming it is obserd and dissagree with the BBC's demands. however the BBC was the first proper broadcasting company and was the only source of tv for a long time during the 1920s and 30s so tv licencing was compulsery in order to keep the company going.despite sepeculation the government do not fund the BBC. The license fee which funds the BBC is collected from us, the public, on behalf of the Beeb by the post office, who retain a small proportion for doing so. The BBC also sells its programmes abroad & to other channels to supplement its funding.
BBC
History of the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting house in the city of westminster, London. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff. Its main responsibility is to provide impartial public service broadcasting in the united kingdom, channel islands and isle of man.
The BBC is a semi-autonomous public service broadcaster that operates under a royal charter and a Licence and Agreement from the home secretary. Within the United Kingdom its work is funded principally by an annual television license fee, which is charged to all British households, companies and organisations using any type of equipment to record and/or receive live television broadcasts; the level of the fee is set annually by the british government and agreed by parliament.
Outside the UK, the BBC world service has provided services by direct broadcasting and re-transmission contracts by sound radio since the inauguration of the BBC Empire Service in December 1932, and more recently by television and online. Though sharing some of the facilities of the domestic services, particularly for news and current affairs output, the World Service has a separate Managing Director, and its operating costs have historically been funded mainly by direct grants from the British government. These grants were determined independently of the domestic licence fee and were usually awarded from the budget of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. As such, the BBC's international content has traditionally represented – at least in part – an effective foreign policy tool of the British Government. The recent BBC world service spending review has announced plans for the funding for the world service to be drawn from the domestic licence fee.
The 1920s see the creation of the BBC as an insititution and as a broadcaster. John Reith, the BBC's founding father, moulds its ethos – to inform, educate and entertain – which still endures to this very day, setting the model for many other public service broadcasters.
Radio quickly takes off with the British public in this decade, as listeners cluster around their crystal sets. Broadcast 'first' follows broadcast 'first' – from first news bulletin to first outside broadcast, from first royal address to the very first sound of Big Ben on the BBC. The BBC also faces its first major government confrontation over editorial independence, during the General Strike of 1926.
The BBC expands with real confidence in this decade, symbolically marked by the construction of Broadcasting House, the first ever purpose-built broadcast centre in the UK.
Innovation follows innovation, as the BBC pioneers an ever expanding range of radio broadcasts across arts, education and news, launches the Empire Service (forerunner of the World Service), and experiments with the world's first ever regular TV service under John Logie Baird.
But World War II put a rapid stop to further development - the last broadcast before the shutdown was on 1 September 1939.
TV remained silent until 1946, and the BBC radio's national and regional programmes were replaced by the Home Service.And this was the face of British broadcasting until after the war, when normal services began to resume.
The 1940s
The outbreak of World War 2 brings a pivotal role for BBC radio (the TV service closes during this period). Winston Churchill makes his famous inspirational speeches over the BBC airwaves, and BBC news becomes a lifeline for countless listeners in the UK and around the world, as the source of objective and independent journalism.
But Radio finds a lighter entertainment voice too - through new music and variety formats; it launches some of its long-running programmes such as Woman's Hour and Book at Bedtime; and creates the groundbreaking Third Programme (later to become Radio 3).
This is the decade of television – triggered by the coronation of Elizabeth II in 1953, when 20 million BBC viewers watch the young queen crowned. Subsequent television innovations include Attenborough’s Zoo Quest, Blue Peter for children, the creation of daily news bulletins and analysis programmes such as Panorama, and the first ever British TV soap.
Radio in turn brings memorable comedy, the lyrical and unique Under Milk Wood, and the longest running radio soap drama in the world, The Archers.
This decade sees the confident expansionism of BBC TV and Radio, symbolised partially by the building of the first ever purpose-built TV centre in the world. From here come groundbreaking social drama (The Wednesday Play), sweeping adaptations of the classics (The Forsyte Saga) and the anarchic comedy of Monty Python's Flying Circus, while on BBC radio pop music is reinvented by the birth of Radio 1.
This era also witnesses momentous technological breakthrough, as the nation gasps at pictures of man on the moon and observes the transition to new colour television.
The 1970s see yet more evolution in BBC broadcasting. Morecambe and Wise make the whole nation laugh, while The Family shows us ourselves as never before in the first fly-on-the-wall documentary, and Attenborough continues to reveal the natural world in new and revelatory ways. Drama expands to span both the dark and the literary, from Dennis Potter to the BBC Shakespeare Project.
New broadcast partnerships include the BBC's link with the Open University, which breaks new ground in universalising education.
A war-torn world gives a renewed focus to the BBC, whether reporting the Falklands War or mounting the groundbreaking Live Aid concert. Meanwhile, one of the largest TV audiences ever is recorded for Charles and Diana's wedding, television finally colonises the House of Commons and even our breakfast tables, and the BBC launches its most popular TV soap of all time, EastEnders.
There is a serious rift with the government over editorial independence, this time around the Northern Irish issue - probably the most serious since the General Strike of 1926.
BBC enters the digital age in this decade, developing a range of digital broadcasting and internet services. As it makes this transition, traditional genres are continually refreshed. Andrew Davies's Pride & Prejudice captivates the nation, Only Fools and Horses makes us laugh, and Teletubbies transforms programming for young children on a global scale.
News goes 24 hours, Princess Diana dominates the documentary headlines and, by the end of the decade, 19 million people will watch her funeral.
This decade is the digital decade, as the BBC responds increasingly to audiences' need to have programme content 'anytime, any place, anywhere'. The IBBC iPlayer launches successfully at the end of 2007, enabling viewers in the UK to catch up on programmes screened over the previous seven days. The BBC website grows exponentially, receiving an average of 3.6 billion hits per month.
The BBC is increasingly global – its coverage of the 2008 Olympics available on TV, radio, online and by mobile phone. Its popular programmes, such as Doctor Who and Strictly Come Dancing, become universal hits.
The company - who is it owned by and does it own any other companies?
Guglielmo Marconi made his historic foray into broadcasting in 1901, when his wireless transmitted the first radio waves across the curvature of the earth.
The Italian entrepreneur's broadcast, from the Isle of Wight to Cornwall, sparked the beginning of the broadcast revolution.
By 1922, the British Broadcasting Company (BBC) began its daily radio transmissions, and "listening in" to the wireless quickly became a social and cultural phenomenon in the UK.
The BBC is owned by no one, it is the property of the british public of those who pay the television licence fee and the british government. Although it is state owned however, the BBC Trust run it on their behalf to guarantee it impartiality.
The BBC have a variety of channels including, BBC 1, 2, 3 and 4. They also have a number of radio channels playing throughout the UK. Also we have to count BBC inlayer which is a fairly recent addition into the broadcasting medium which is based on the internet and people can catch up with all BBC television programmes.
The BBC the heart of a variety of BBC corporations such as BBC american and BBC world wide.
BBC american -
The channel launched on March 29, 1998, broadcasting comedy, drama and lifestyle programs from BBC television and other British television broadcasters like ITV and Channel 4.
In the early days, the channel focused on repeats of popular lifestyle shows such as Changing rooms and Ground force BBC America's head of television programming later stated that it was important for the channel to establish a niche since non-UK viewers found the lifestyle shows appealing. The evening schedule is where most new programming would appear.
The network removed the popular British soap opera Eastenders from the schedules in 2003 after low ratings, but provoked a high number of complaints from viewers which caught the attention of the media.
BBC Radio is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal charter since 1927. The service provides national radio stations covering the majority of musical genres, as well as local radio stations covering local news, affairs and interests. Internally, BBC Radio is now organised under the banner of BBC Audio & Music, which also oversees online audio content.[1]
Of the national radio stations, BBC Radio 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Live are all available through analogue radio (5 Live on AM only) as well as on digital radio and internet services through Real Media, WMA and BBC iplayer. The remaining stations, BBC Radio 1Xtra, 4 Extra, 5 Live Sports Extra and 6 Music, all broadcast on digital platforms only.
BBC radio times (magazine) -
Radio Times was first issued on 28 September 1923, carrying details of BBC radio programmes (newspapers at the time boycotted radio listings, fearing that increased listenership might decrease their sales. It was at one time the magazine with the largest circulation in Europe.
Radio times is also another way how the BBC is funded - merchandise.
by shannon griffiths
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